Glossary

The garden path effect occurs when, during the process of parsing a sentence, a reanalysis must be carried out due to structural ambiguity. ex: While Harriet was eating the banana fell on the floor. The NP 'banana' is first parsed as the object of 'eating' until the verb 'fell' is reached, at which point the speaker reanalyzes 'banana' to be the subject of 'fell'.

The term 'glide' refers to a manner of articulation in which a phoneme is produced with little to no obstruction to the airstream. These phones are marked as [-syll, -cons] and can behave as either depending on which position they occupy in a syllable. ex in Standard English: [w] [j] 

A glottal stop is a sound produced when airflow is obstructed, then released at the glottis. the IPA symbol: /ʔ/

The glottis is opening between the vocal chords.

The goal is a thematic role assigned to the NP towards which the action of the verb is directed. ex: I went to 'the store'. 

Gradable pairs are a set of antonyms whose opposite meaning is relative to context and not absolute. ex: happy/sad, hot/cold, poor/rich

This term is used to describe an opposition which is displayed by degrees or along a type of continuum. ex: /t̪/ [dental]  /t/ [alveolar]  /ʈ/ [retroflexed]  In each case the /t/ is anterior however a distinction can be made in terms of tongue position. This type of opposition is in contrast to privative and equipollent.

This term refers to any part of speech such as a noun, verb, preposition, etc.

A grapheme is the smallest written representation of sound in alphabetic languages.

These four maxims were proposed by Paul Grice to explain how listeners and speakers may successfully engage in the exchange of information in conversation.  These maxims are: The Maxim of Quality/The Maxim of Quantity/The Maxim of Relevance/The Maxim of Manner.