Syntax: What's in a Node 1.1
Syntax: What’s in a node? 1.1
Syntax: What's in a Node 1.1
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By Robin Aronow
Syntax: What's in a Node 1.1
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Question 1Batman loves to throw parties for his neighbors.ASpec IPHint: At the introductory level, the subject of the verb will always be found in Spec IP.BSpec NPHint: At the introductory level, the subject of the verb will always be found in Spec IP.CI'Hint: At the introductory level, the subject of the verb will always be found in Spec IP.Question 2Who do you think is coming to dinner?AC HeadHint: All Wh elements must be found in Spec CP in surface structure.BC'Hint: All Wh elements must be found in Spec CP in surface structure.CSpec CPHint: All Wh elements must be found in Spec CP in surface structure.Question 3At which level is the AP 'intelligent' attached?
We know Spiderman is intelligent since he aced his syntax exam.AV headHint: The phrase 'Spiderman is intelligent' is a copula structure, thus the adjective 'intelligent' is an obligatory component of the VP. Without it, the VP would be ungrammatical: *Spiderman is... It must be attached at the head level as a complement sister.BSpec VPHint: The phrase 'Spiderman is intelligent' is a copula structure, thus the adjective 'intelligent' is an obligatory component of the VP. Without it, the VP would be ungrammatical: *Spiderman is... It must be attached at the head level as a complement sister.CV 'Hint: The phrase 'Spiderman is intelligent' is a copula structure, thus the adjective 'intelligent' is an obligatory component of the VP. Without it, the VP would be ungrammatical: *Spiderman is... It must be attached at the head level as a complement sister.Question 4Harriet is hoping her brother will join her for the family vacation.AI'Hint: In this sentence 'is' acts as an auxiliary verb showing aspect of the lexical verb 'hope' thus it can only be found in I head.BV headHint: In this sentence 'is' acts as an auxiliary verb showing aspect of the lexical verb 'hope' thus it can only be found in I head.CI headHint: In this sentence 'is' acts as an auxiliary verb showing aspect of the lexical verb 'hope' thus it can only be found in I head.Question 5When does Cinderella have to return to her home?AC headHint: In question formation, any inflection found in I head will raise to C head. In this example, the inflectional material in I head that raises to C head is covert (not spoken) and surfaces as 'does'. BSpec CPHint: In question formation, any inflection found in I head will raise to C head. In this example, the inflectional material in I head that raises to C head is covert (not spoken) and surfaces as 'does'. CC'Hint: In question formation, any inflection found in I head will raise to C head. In this example, the inflectional material in I head that raises to C head is covert (not spoken) and surfaces as 'does'. Question 6Superman will be signing copies of his new book Sunday afternoon.ASpec CPHint: In this example 'will' is a modal verb that, at the introductory level, sits in I head. It is not a Wh element thus cannot be found in Spec CP.BI headHint: In this example 'will' is a modal verb that, at the introductory level, sits in I head. CV headHint: In this example 'will' is a modal verb that, at the introductory level, sits in I head. It is not the lexical verb, which sits in V head.Question 7Harriet found two shiny diamonds hidden underneath a trap door in her parlor.ASpec NPHint: In this example. 'two' is a quantifier thus will be found in Spec NP.BSpec APHint: In this example. 'two' is a quantifier thus will be found in Spec NP.CN'Hint: In this example. 'two' is a quantifier thus will be found in Spec NP.Question 8At what level would the phrase 'three' be attached to the NP 'bears' in a syntactic tree?
The three little bears came returned home to a table set with a delicious dinner.ASpec NPHint: Since 'three' is an adjective that modifies the NP ' the bears' it is an adjunct and not an obligatory component of the NP. All adjuncts must be attached to the element they modify at the bar (X') level. BN'Hint: Since 'three' is an adjective that modifies the NP ' the bears' it is an adjunct and not an obligatory component of the NP. All adjuncts must be attached to the element they modify at the bar (X') level. CN headHint: Since 'three' is an adjective that modifies the NP ' the bears' it is an adjunct and not an obligatory component of the NP. All adjuncts must be attached to the element they modify at the bar (X') level. Question 9I found the ferret under the kitchen sink.AP headHint: The preposition 'under' is the head of the prepositional phrase 'under the kitchen sink', thus must be found in P head.BP' Hint: The preposition 'under' is the head of the prepositional phrase 'under the kitchen sink', thus must be found in P head.CNPHint: The preposition 'under' is the head of the prepositional phrase 'under the kitchen sink', thus must be found in P head.Question 10In the sentence 'Lois is sure she left her keys in the car', where would 'her keys' be attached on a tree?
AV'Hint: Since the NP 'her keys' is the direct object of the transitive verb 'left', it must be attached at the V head level since it is an obligatory component of the structure of the verbBV headHint: Since the NP 'her keys' is the direct object of the transitive verb 'left', it must be attached at the V head level since it is an obligatory component of the structure of the verbCP'Hint: Since the NP 'her keys' is the direct object of the transitive verb 'left', it must be attached at the V head level since it is an obligatory component of the structure of the verb
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